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You are here: BAILII >> Databases >> European Court of Human Rights >> HENTRICH v. FRANCE (INTERPRETATION) - 13616/88 [1997] ECHR 43 (3 July 1997)
URL: http://www.bailii.org/eu/cases/ECHR/1997/43.html
Cite as: [1997] ECHR 43, (1997) 24 EHRR CD19

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In the case of Hentrich v. France (interpretation of the judgment

of 3 July 1995) (1),

The European Court of Human Rights, sitting, in accordance with

Article 43 (art. 43) of the Convention for the Protection of

Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms ("the Convention") and Rule 57

para. 4 of Rules of Court A (2), as a Chamber composed of the following

judges:

Mr R. Ryssdal, President,

Mr R. Bernhardt,

Mr Thór Vilhjálmsson,

Mr L.-E. Pettiti,

Mr J. De Meyer,

Mr A.B. Baka,

Mr L. Wildhaber,

Mr J. Makarczyk,

Mr D. Gotchev,

and also of Mr H. Petzold, Registrar, and Mr P.J. Mahoney, Deputy

Registrar,

Having deliberated in private on 30 May and 28 June 1997,

Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on the

last-mentioned date:

_______________

Notes by the Registrar

1. The case is numbered 23/1993/418/497. The first number is the

case's position on the list of cases referred to the Court in the

relevant year (second number). The last two numbers indicate the

case's position on the list of cases referred to the Court since its

creation and on the list of the corresponding originating applications

to the Commission.

2. Rules A apply to all cases referred to the Court before the entry

into force of Protocol No. 9 (P9) (1 October 1994) and thereafter only

to cases concerning States not bound by that Protocol (P9). They

correspond to the Rules that came into force on 1 January 1983, as

amended several times subsequently.

_______________

PROCEDURE

1. The European Commission of Human Rights ("the Commission")

submitted a request to the Court, under Rule 57 of Rules of Court A,

for interpretation of the judgment delivered on 3 July 1995 on the

application of Article 50 of the Convention (art. 50) in the case of

Hentrich v. France (Series A no. 320-A). The request, dated

8 July 1996, was filed on 10 July 1996, within the three-year period

laid down by Rule 57 para. 1, and was signed by Mr Krüger, the

Secretary to the Commission.

2. In accordance with paragraph 4 of that Rule, the request for

interpretation has been considered by the Chamber which gave the

aforementioned judgment, composed of the same judges. Subsequently

Mr Thór Vilhjálmsson, Mr R. Bernhardt and Mr D. Gotchev,

substitute judges, replaced Mr F. Gölcüklü, Mr N. Valticos and

Mr S.K. Martens, who were unable to take part in the further

consideration of the case (Rules 22 para. 1 and 24 para. 1).

3. On 15 July 1996 the Registrar communicated the request to the

French Government ("the Government") and to the applicant and invited

them to submit any written comments by 18 October 1996, the time-limit

laid down by the President of the Chamber (Rule 57 para. 3).

The Registrar received the applicant's observations on

16 October 1996 and the Government's on 5 November 1996. The applicant

filed supplementary observations on 16 December 1996.

The Court decided to dispense with a hearing.

THE REQUEST FOR INTERPRETATION

4. The case of Hentrich v. France originated in an application

against the French Republic lodged with the Commission under Article 25

(art. 25) by a French national, Mrs Liliane Hentrich, on

14 December 1987.

5. On 12 July 1993 the Commission referred the case to the Court,

which gave judgment on 22 September 1994. The Court held that there

had been a breach of Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 (P1-1), as the

applicant had not been able to mount an effective challenge to the

pre-emption of her property by the Revenue, and of Article 6 para. 1

of the Convention (art. 6-1) for want of a fair hearing and on account

of the length of the proceedings. It held that its judgment in itself

constituted sufficient just satisfaction in respect of the alleged

non-pecuniary damage and reserved the question of the application of

Article 50 of the Convention (art. 50) as regards pecuniary damage,

inviting the Government and the applicant to inform it, within

three months, of any agreement they might reach. It also held that the

respondent State was to pay the applicant, within three months,

56,075 French francs (FRF) in respect of costs and expenses.

6. In a judgment of 3 July 1995 the Court ruled on the remainder of

the question of the application of Article 50 (art. 50). The operative

provisions read as follows:

"FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT

1. Holds by eight votes to one that the respondent State is to

pay the applicant, within three months,

800,000 (eight hundred thousand) French francs in respect

of pecuniary damage;

2. Holds unanimously that the respondent State is to pay the

applicant, within three months,

20,000 (twenty thousand) francs in respect of costs and

expenses relating to the proceedings under Article 50

(art. 50);

3. Holds unanimously that the respondent State is to pay the

applicant, within three months, statutory interest from

22 December 1994 on the sum of 56,075 francs awarded in the

principal judgment;

4. Dismisses by eight votes to one the remainder of the claim

for just satisfaction."

7. Mrs Hentrich twice wrote to the Committee of Ministers of the

Council of Europe, on 19 October 1995 to complain of the delay in

paying the just satisfaction - payment being made on 1 December 1995 -

and on 19 February 1996 to claim default interest on the sums awarded.

8. In a letter of 29 May 1996 she asked the President of the

Commission to lodge two requests with the Court, one for interpretation

and the other for revision of the judgment of 3 July 1995.

9. With reference to Rule 57 of Rules of Court A and to the

aforementioned letter, which it communicated to the Court, the

Commission put the following question to the Court:

"In view of point 3 of the operative provisions of the judgment

of 3 July 1995 and the practice followed by the Court since

January 1996, are points 1 and 2 of that judgment to be

interpreted as necessarily entailing an obligation on the

French Government to pay statutory interest in the event of

failure to pay within the three-month period laid down by the

Court the total sum of 820,558 francs awarded as just

satisfaction?"

It also indicated that it had not accepted the request for

revision.

AS TO THE LAW

10. Under the terms of Rule 57 of Rules of Court A:

"1. A Party or the Commission may request the interpretation of

a judgment within a period of three years following the delivery

of that judgment.

2. The request shall state precisely the point or points in the

operative provisions of the judgment on which interpretation is

required ...

..."

11. The Government argued that the request for interpretation was

inadmissible. It related to difficulties with the execution of a

judgment of the Court, which came within the exclusive competence of

the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, and was in reality

designed to secure a variation of the clear, precise operative

provisions of the judgment of 3 July 1995 and thus amounted to a

request for revision in disguise.

They pointed out that the award made to the applicant in the

judgment of 3 July 1995 had, moreover, been paid on 1 December 1995,

only a few weeks after the deadline of 3 October 1995 had expired.

12. Mrs Hentrich maintained that the obligation to pay interest for

delay, which was also laid down in Article 1153-1 of the

French Civil Code, was a fundamental principle of law that was equally

binding on States, which themselves imposed penalties for delay, in

particular in relation to taxes.

13. The Court observes in the first place that, under the terms of

its judgment of 3 July 1995 and in accordance with Article 53 of the

Convention (art. 53), the respondent State was required to pay the

applicant the sums awarded within three months. However, these sums

were not paid until 1 December 1995, that is nearly two months after

expiry of the time-limit. Moreover, it is for the

Committee of Ministers to supervise execution of the judgment

(Article 54 of the Convention) (art. 54). The Court further notes that

it did not stipulate in its judgment that default interest was to be

paid in the event of delayed settlement.

14. In point 3 of the operative provisions of the judgment of

3 July 1995 the Court did no more than direct the respondent State to

pay interest on the costs and expenses it was required to reimburse

pursuant to the judgment of 22 September 1994. In doing so the Court

was allowing a request expressly made by Mrs Hentrich which had not

been contested by the Government.

15. The practice of awarding default interest for delayed settlement

was not introduced by the Court until January 1996.

16. That being so, and in view of the clear wording of the operative

provisions of the judgment of 3 July 1995, to allow the application for

interpretation would not be to clarify "the meaning and scope" of that

judgment but rather to modify it in respect of an issue which the Court

decided "with binding force" (see the Allenet de Ribemont v. France

judgment of 7 August 1996 (interpretation), Reports of Judgments and

Decisions 1996-III, p. 911, para. 23).

Accordingly, there is no matter for interpretation within the

meaning of Rule 57 of Rules of Court A.

FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT

Rejects by eight votes to one the request for interpretation.

Done in English and in French, and delivered at a public hearing

in the Human Rights Building, Strasbourg, on 3 July 1997.

Signed: Rolv RYSSDAL

President

Signed: Herbert PETZOLD

Registrar

In accordance with Article 51 para. 2 of the Convention

(art. 51-2) and Rule 53 para. 2 of Rules of Court A, the dissenting

opinion of Mr De Meyer is annexed to this judgment.

Initialled: R.R.

Initialled: H.P.

DISSENTING OPINION OF JUDGE DE MEYER

(Translation)

In its judgment of 3 July 1995 the Court did not expressly rule

on the question of any interest that might have been due on the amounts

awarded for (a) pecuniary damage and (b) costs and expenses relating

to the Article 50 proceedings (art. 50), but clearly stated that those

amounts had to be paid "within three months", that is to say before

3 October 1995.

In the same judgment, moreover, the Court awarded interest on the

sum of 56,075 French francs (FRF) already due under the principal

judgment, to run from 22 December 1994, that is from the date when the

three-month time-limit laid down in the judgment of 22 September 1994

expired.

In the present judgment the Court construes its judgment of

3 July 1995 as meaning that all claims for interest on the pecuniary

damage and on the costs and expenses of the Article 50 proceedings

(art. 50) had been dismissed.

I cannot agree with that construction.

Obviously the majority is free to interpret the judgment of

3 July 1995 as it deems appropriate.

For my part, I consider that that judgment does not preclude an

award of interest for the period subsequent to 3 October 1995.

As stated in paragraph 14 of the judgment, the Court only

dismissed the claim for interest - on both the costs of the

Article 50 proceedings (art. 50) and the costs of the proceedings on

the merits - in so far as it was sought to have that interest paid

retrospectively with effect from 22 September 1994.

However, in its judgment of 3 July 1995 the Court did award

interest on the costs and expenses of the proceedings on the merits

with effect from 22 December 1994, by which date the Government was

required to make payment pursuant to the judgment of 22 September 1994.

Indeed, there would be little point in the Court setting a

three-month time-limit for payment if there was no penalty for failure

to comply.

In accordance with the general principles on this subject, which

have been explicitly applied by the Court in all its judgments on

Article 50 (art. 50) since January 1996, and which, moreover, were

applied in the judgment of 3 July 1995 itself with respect to the costs

and expenses of the judgment on the merits, my view is that the

judgment of 3 July 1995 must be construed as containing an implied

award in favour of the applicant of interest at the statutory rate to

run from 3 October 1995 on both the sum of FRF 800,000 awarded for

pecuniary damage and the sum of FRF 20,000 relating to the

Article 50 proceedings (art. 50).



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URL: http://www.bailii.org/eu/cases/ECHR/1997/43.html